#pragma warning(disable:4786)
#pragma warning(disable:4996)
#include<list>
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<algorithm>
#include<vector>
#include<set>
#include<map>
#include<functional>
#include<string>
#include<cstring>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<queue>
#include<utility>
#include<fstream>
#include<sstream>
#include<cmath>
#include<stack>
#include<assert.h>
using namespace std;
 
#define MEM(a, b) memset(a, (b), sizeof(a))
#define CLR(a) memset(a, 0, sizeof(a))
#define MAX(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
#define MIN(a, b) ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
#define ABS(X) ( (X) > 0 ? (X) : ( -(X) ) )
#define S(X) ( (X) * (X) )
#define SZ(V) (int )V.size()
#define FORN(i, n) for(i = 0; i < n; i++)
#define FORAB(i, a, b) for(i = a; i <= b; i++)
#define ALL(V) V.begin(), V.end()
#define IN(A, B, C)  ((B) <= (A) && (A) <= (C))
 
typedef pair<int,int> PII;
typedef pair<double, double> PDD;
typedef vector<int> VI;
typedef vector<PII > VP;
 
#define AIN(A, B, C) assert(IN(A, B, C))
 
//typedef int LL;
//typedef long long int LL;
//typedef __int64 LL;
 
int main()
{
	int T, ks, n, ans, w, i;
 
	scanf("%d", &T);
	AIN(T, 1, 10);
 
	FORAB(ks, 1, T)
	{
		scanf("%d", &n);
		AIN(n, 1, 100000);
 
		ans = 0;
		FORN(i, n)
		{
			scanf("%d", &w);
			AIN(w, 1, 1000000);
			ans = MAX(ans, w + i);
		}
 
		printf("%d\n", ans);
	}
 
	return 0;
}