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Home » Compete » October 2009 (Contest IX) » Paragraph Formatting

Paragraph Formatting

Problem code: H5

  • All Submissions

All submissions for this problem are available.

Johnny is developing some word processing software. Right now, he has to deal with the problem of formatting a paragraph. Johnny has formulated the problem as follows.

There are N words in a paragraph, in which the ith word has ai characters. Each line of the paragraph can hold at most M characters. For simplicity, we assume that every two consecutive words in a line are separated by exactly one whitespace and we disregard punctuation marks.

The text editor always uses a simple greedy algorithm to break the paragraph into lines. The algorithm puts as many words in a line as possible, then moving on to the next line to do the same until there are no more words left to be placed.

Johnny needs to write a program that, given the description of the words in a paragraph, is able to process the following two operations:

  • Return the line number of a specified word
  • Replace one word with another one

Since the number of words in a paragraph can be huge, Johnny needs to find an efficient algorithm to process the above queries. Please help him!

Input

The first line contains t, the number of test cases (about 50). Then t test cases follow. Each test case has the following form:

  • The first line contains a number M, the maximum number of characters that can be put in a line.
  • The second line contains a number N, the number of words in the given paragraph.
  • The third line contains N numbers a1, a2, ..., aN, the lengths of the words in the paragraph.
  • The next lines contain the description of the queries, one query in a line. Each query can be of one of the following 3 types:
    • I i - Ask for the line number of the ith word.
    • C i l - Replace the ith word by a new word of length l (1 ≤ l ≤ M).
    • E - Signal the end of the description of the queries.

Note that the line numbers and the word indexes are counted from 1.

 

The input data for successive test cases is separated by a blank line.

Output

For each test case, the first line of output should contain the string "Case #T:" where T should be replaced by the corresponding test case number.

For every 'I' query in the test case, print the correct line number of the word being queried.

Print a blank line after each test case.

Constraints

  • 1 ≤ N ≤ 50000
  • 1 ≤ M ≤ 100000
  • 1 ≤ ai ≤ M
  • The number of lines in each paragraph never exceeds 200.
  • The number of queries in each test case does not exceed 10000.

Example

Input:
2

4
2
1 2
I 2
C 2 3
I 2
E

6
5
1 5 4 5 6
I 2
I 4
I 5
C 4 1
I 4
I 5
C 2 1
C 3 2
C 5 4
I 5
I 3
E

Output:
Case #1:
1
2

Case #2:
2
4
5
3
4
2
1

Discussion of the example

In the following description of the second exemplary test case, we use the digit i to denote a character of the ith word. Note that each line can hold at most 6 characters. Initially, the paragraph has the following form:

1
22222
3333
44444
555555

After replacing the 4thword with a one-character word, the paragraph becomes:

1
22222
3333 4
555555

After the last 3 replacements, the paragraph becomes:

1 2 33
4 5555


Date: 2009-09-15
Time limit: 3.5

s
Source limit: 50000
Languages: C C99 strict C++ PAS gpc PAS fpc JAVA NICE JAR C# C#2 NEM ST ASM D FORT ADA BASH PERL PYTH RUBY LUA ICON PIKE PHP SCM guile SCM qobi LISP sbcl LISP clisp SCALA HASK CAML CLPS PRLG WSPC BF ICK TEXT


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Comments

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Does TLE means, the answer is

Praveen SP - 2nd Oct,2009 13:45:26.

Does TLE means,

the answer is right but the time limit exceeded?

No, it means your program has

Stephen Merriman - 2nd Oct,2009 14:06:07.

No, it means your program has exceeded the time limit before it finished outputting an answer. So of course it can't tell whether it is correct or not.

If the last character of a

Aditya Bhatt - 3rd Oct,2009 17:35:42.

If the last character of a word is at the end of a line, then does the next word have to start at the beginning of the next line, or must there be a space character at the beginning of the next line  - and then the new word?

The answer to your question

Aniruddha (Codechef) - 3rd Oct,2009 23:28:38.

The answer to your question can be found in the problem statement :)

can i write lenghts of all

rajul - 4th Oct,2009 17:25:55.
can i write lenghts of all words in one line or in different line .

After no of test cases , is

Praveen SP - 4th Oct,2009 20:42:10.

After no of test cases , is there a blank line in the input?

 

After we print the output for the last test case, should there be a blank line?

Aniruddha (Codechef)

soc - 5th Oct,2009 12:19:00.

Aniruddha (Codechef) :

yesterday night i solved this question (H5) and got accepted but still my score is 2.968 ........ It should be 3.968 ..... Plz chech my submission.

vikas IN (vish )

is there partial score for

soc - 5th Oct,2009 12:22:51.

is there partial score for this ......

@vikas Will check this out.

Aniruddha (Codechef) - 5th Oct,2009 14:56:29.

@vikas Will check this out. No, there is no partial score for this.

@vikas Could you submit the

Aniruddha (Codechef) - 5th Oct,2009 15:00:30.

@vikas Could you submit the accepted solution again ?

@Aniruddha I think it may be

Stephen Merriman - 5th Oct,2009 15:47:05.

@Aniruddha I think it may be a problem with the scoreboard itself, my score for this problem and the challenge problem haven't updated either (and I solved them several hours ago).

Aniruddha (Codechef) -: sir,

soc - 5th Oct,2009 17:13:45.
Aniruddha (Codechef) -: sir, I resubmitted my code still didnt change my score

We are looking into this.

Aniruddha (Codechef) - 5th Oct,2009 17:15:52.

We are looking into this.

HI, I use C#, but read query

刘标勇 - 9th Oct,2009 21:55:51.

HI,

I use C#,

but read query error.

code as follow:

query_count = 0;
                    string qline = Console.ReadLine();
                    while (qline[0] != 'E')
                    {
                        try
                        {
                            string[] b = qline.Split(' ');
                            queries[query_count, 0] = qline[0]; // query_type;
                            queries[query_count, 1] = int.Parse(b[1]);
                            if (qline[0] == 'C')
                            {
                                queries[query_count, 2] = int.Parse(b[2]);
                            }
                            query_count++;
                            qline = Console.ReadLine();
                        }
                        catch (Exception ex)
                        {
                            throw new ApplicationException("1");
                        }
                    }

can anyone help me????

刘标勇 - 9th Oct,2009 22:03:15.

can anyone help me????

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