Gray CodesProblem code: GRAYCODE |
All submissions for this problem are available.
Gray codes were invented to prevent spurious output from electromagnetic switches. Consider the number 3 in ordinary binary encoding: when incremented from 011 to 100 it is unlikely that all of the switches will change states at the same time, so there is a possibility of reading the state of the variable while it is in between a transition (i.e., when some of the bits have flipped to the correct value but others haven't).
To solve this problem, Frank Gray introduced a new number system in which successive numbers differ by only a single bit.
You are working on a legacy system that uses Gray codes, but are having difficulty fixing a bug related to multiplication of numbers. For the purpose of debugging, you wish to convert a number's Gray encoding into the corresponding decimal representation.
Input Format
The first line of input contains a single integer t, the number of test cases. This is followed by t lines, each containing a single integer, which is the result of converting the gray encoding directly to decimal. (For example, the gray encoding 100 which corresponds to 7 will be displayed as 4.)
Output Format
For each test case, output a single integer that is the decimal equivalent of the gray encoding.
Example
Input:
8
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Output:
0
1
3
2
7
6
4
5
| Author: | singh_sume |
| Date Added: | 12-01-2012 |
| Time Limit: | 0.5 sec |
| Source Limit: | 50000 Bytes |
| Languages: | ADA, ASM, BASH, BF, C, C99 strict, CAML, CLOJ, CLPS, CPP 4.0.0-8, CPP 4.3.2, CS2, D, ERL, F#, FORT, GO, HASK, ICK, ICON, JAR, JAVA, JS, LISP clisp, LISP sbcl, LUA, NEM, NICE, PAS fpc, PAS gpc, PERL, PERL6, PHP, PIKE, PRLG, PYTH, PYTH 3.1.2, RUBY, SCALA, SCM guile, SCM qobi, ST, TCL, TEXT, WSPC |
Comments
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constraints
Reasonable enough that you
output is wrong. graycode of
@arya: it's not wrong. you're
limits on t ??
sujayraaj: it cab be as big
are you sure your test cases
test case is not correct...?
can t be greater than 100000
dr_go_fast: solve: yep,
range of integer??????????
sumit172: largest integer in
can i know the answer for
sumit172: 999999 -> 687146,
would u pls tell me how 7 is
solve: 7 is getting answer 5,
max value of input ???? ,plzz
mayurzenith: largest integer
plz tell me what is wrong
deepak_nitk: according to